Health and Fitness
Estimate daily energy needs for roughly stable weight, alongside the resting-energy component. This page does not set an intake goal or calculate a deficit.
Estimated resting energy: kcal/day
For adults 18+ only. The equation uses male/female coefficients from the original study, which may not represent every body. It does not account for pregnancy, breastfeeding, medical conditions, medications, or individual body composition. No data is sent by this tool.
Maintenance calories are the energy intake that would, on average, balance expenditure while body weight is broadly stable. This page estimates that quantity; it does not ask for food intake, choose a weight-loss goal, or convert a result into a diet prescription. Day-to-day scale readings can still move because of fluid and other short-term changes.
The calculation first estimates resting energy using the Mifflin-St Jeor equation published in 1990. In metric units, the simplified equation is 10 times body mass in kilograms plus 6.25 times height in centimeters minus 5 times age in years, then plus 5 for the male coefficient or minus 161 for the female coefficient. The paper studied healthy adults and compared estimates with indirect calorimetry; an equation is not an individual measurement.
Next, the tool multiplies resting energy by an activity factor: 1.2, 1.375, 1.55, or 1.725. This is a convenient approximation of total daily expenditure. Real work, exercise, recovery, non-exercise movement, and metabolic variation do not fit perfectly into four categories. Changing a category can shift the estimate substantially, so avoid treating the displayed whole number as a precision measurement.
To evaluate a baseline, compare it with consistent observations over time rather than one meal or one weigh-in. If weight and activity change, the maintenance estimate may also change. NIDDK's Body Weight Planner models dynamic weight and activity changes and limits its use to adults who are not pregnant or breastfeeding. For illness, unusual metabolic circumstances, medications, or eating-disorder concerns, request personalized guidance from a qualified clinician.
| Input | Purpose | Caution |
|---|---|---|
| Age and coefficient | Provide the original equation's age and sex-specific term. | The coefficients are study categories, not a complete description of metabolism or identity. |
| Measurement units | Convert pounds/inches to kilograms/centimeters when needed. | Check your selection before interpreting a surprising output. |
| Activity | Approximate non-resting energy use with a multiplier. | These categories are not measured personal expenditure. |
| Result | Shows resting energy and estimated maintenance in kcal/day. | Neither is a recommended diet target or clinical test. |
Use the estimate as a reference point before interpreting a longer record of weight and routine.
See how a different activity category changes the estimate without implying a specific exercise prescription.
Compare the resting estimate with the larger daily maintenance figure to see how the multiplier affects arithmetic.
Not for minors, pregnancy, or breastfeeding. Medical factors and body composition can make this equation less suitable.
No. It is a formula-based estimate of total daily energy expenditure using a broad activity category, not an individual measurement.
No. Resting energy estimates expenditure at rest; estimated maintenance also accounts for activity through a multiplier.
Different equations, activity factors, rounding, and input assumptions can yield different results. Consistent observations matter more than one precise-looking number.
No. This page is for roughly stable-weight energy needs. The separate deficit page compares an observed intake with estimated expenditure but also does not prescribe a target.
No. The page deliberately excludes those situations; energy needs require individualized advice.
Last reviewed: October 23, 2026. Calculations run in your browser. These estimates are educational, not diagnosis or personalized medical advice.
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