Decimal and binary sizes
Supports MB, GB, TB, MiB, GiB and TiB.
Calculate transfer duration for network copies, storage moves, backups, uploads, and migrations using flexible decimal and binary size and speed units.
Transfer seconds = file size in bytes ÷ (entered bytes per second × efficiency); bit-rate units are divided by eight before use.
Supports MB, GB, TB, MiB, GiB and TiB.
Accepts Mbps, Gbps, MB/s and MiB/s.
Converts nominal speed into an expected sustained payload rate.
File transfer duration is the data size divided by effective transfer rate. This calculator supports decimal MB, GB and TB as well as binary MiB, GiB and TiB. It also accepts network rates in Mbps or Gbps and application or storage rates in MB/s or MiB/s, preventing the common bit-versus-byte and decimal-versus-binary mistakes.
The efficiency field accounts for the gap between nominal and sustained rate. Network protocols, latency, packet loss, encryption, VPNs, compression, storage read and write speeds, filesystem metadata and verification can all limit the transfer. Copying thousands of small files is often slower than moving one large archive of the same total size.
Use measured sustained throughput for the most useful estimate. For migrations and backups, add time for preparation, snapshots, checksums, extraction, indexing, retries and validation. If data changes during the initial copy, include a final synchronization phase in the operational plan.
| Input | What it means | Planning note |
|---|---|---|
| File size | Total decimal or binary data amount | Confirm which unit the source application reports. |
| Transfer rate | Nominal or measured transfer speed | Measured sustained throughput gives a better estimate. |
| Efficiency | Useful payload percentage | Reflect protocol, file pattern and hardware limitations. |
| Elapsed time | Calculated transfer-only duration | Add preparation and verification for an operational window. |
Estimate moves between disks, NAS systems or workstations.
Plan transfer portions of backup and recovery windows.
Estimate bulk copy duration before cutover and validation.
A decimal GB is 1,000,000,000 bytes; a binary GiB is 1,073,741,824 bytes.
Each file can require metadata operations, opens, closes, permissions and protocol round trips.
Measured sustained speed from a representative transfer usually produces a better estimate.
No. Add separate time for checksums, decompression, indexing, retries and validation.
Last reviewed: August 12, 2026. Network results are planning estimates; measure the actual path for operational decisions.
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